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SpringMVC学习4-单元测试

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Spring mvc， MVC框架

Spring MVC

SpringMVC是基于MVC思想的JAVA WEB实现框架，是Spring家族的一员，它基于前置控制器来接收并分发请求，支持参考验证、请求参数封装、拦截、Restful等功能，是目前较为流行的MVC框架

本系列学习笔记包含如下的课程内容：

  • MVC思想
  • Hello案例
  • 请求和响应处理
  • 文件上传和下载处理
  • 参数验证
  • 请求拦截
  • RESTful风格
  • 日志

TestNG

TestNG is a testing framework inspired from JUnit and NUnit but introducing some new functionalities that make it more powerful and easier to use, such as:

  • Annotations.
  • Run your tests in arbitrarily big thread pools with various policies available (all methods in their own thread, one thread per test class, etc…).
  • Test that your code is multithread safe.
  • Flexible test configuration.
  • Support for data-driven testing (with @DataProvider).
  • Support for parameters.
  • Powerful execution model (no more TestSuite).
  • Supported by a variety of tools and plug-ins (Eclipse, IDEA, Maven, etc…).
  • Embeds BeanShell for further flexibility.
  • Default JDK functions for runtime and logging (no dependencies).
  • Dependent methods for application server testing.

pom.xml

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<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
    <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
    <version>6.8.8</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.9</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
    <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.1</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

service 单元测试

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import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.testng.AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

/**
 * ServiceConfig 单元测试类
 */
@Test
@ContextConfiguration(classes = ServiceConfig.class) //使用了 ServiceConfig 类
public class ServiceConfigTest extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests {

    @Autowired
    private HelloService helloService;

    public void test1() {
        String actual = helloService.sayHi("jack");
        Assert.assertEquals(actual, "Hello, jack");
    }

}

控制器 单元测试

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import com.tz.WebMvcConfig;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.testng.AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.model;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.view;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup;

/**
 * Created by steven
 */
@Test
@ContextConfiguration(classes = WebMvcConfig.class)
@WebAppConfiguration //初始化 WebApplicationContext 实例
public class HelloControllerTest extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests {

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac; //web spring 容器实例

    private MockMvc mockMvc; //控制器单元测试入口

    /**
     * 初始化 web 测试环境
     */
    @BeforeClass
    public void setup() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        mockMvc = webAppContextSetup(wac).build();
    }

    public void testHello() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/hello?name=jack"))
                .andExpect(status().isOk()) //Http 状态码 200
                .andExpect(view().name("/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp")) //返回的 jsp 视图名
                .andExpect(model().attribute("result", "Hello, jack")); //模型数据细节
    }

}

Run

mvn test -Dtest=ServiceConfigTest -Dgroups=g1
or
mvn test -Dtest=ServiceConfigTest -Dgroups=g1,g2

断言异常

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@Test(expectedExceptions = SomeException.class)
    public void test1() {
        //...
    }

控制执行顺序

priority

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@Test(priority=1)
public void test1() {}

@Test(priority=2)
public void test2() {}

@Test(priority=3)
public void test3() {}

dependsOn

In TestNG, you use dependsOnMethods and/or dependsOnGroups:

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@Test(groups = "a")
public void f1() {}

@Test(groups = "a")
public void f2() {}

@Test(dependsOnGroups = "a")
public void g() {}

or

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@Test
public void Test1() {}

@Test (dependsOnMethods={"Test1"})
public void Test2() {}

@Test (dependsOnMethods={"Test2"})
public void Test3() {}